A.Redwood Kardon responds: Wherever steel studs are used to support NMC cable (the plastic-jacketed cable commonly used in residential construction), there is the potential for the framing to become energized. Metal electrical boxes or metal equipment that might be attached to steel studs must always be grounded, which effectively grounds the studs. When plastic device boxes are used, I recommend installing a bonding jumper to the steel frame. This jumper should be sized to match the highest-rated breaker that feeds the specific section of wall. In some areas, the electrical inspector may require a bonding jumper for steel boxes as well.

While the National Electric Code (NEC) does not specifically address the question of grounding a steel frame in residential construction, Section 250 of the NEC contains two citations that mention "structural metal frame of a building" as applied to large steel structures. Section 250-58a says the metal frame must not be used as the equipment grounding conductor for alternating-current equipment. The intent here is to make sure that any electrical faults are directed to the equipment grounding conductor — not through an unreliable path like the steel beams or studs.

Section 250-81b says the metal frame must be part of the Grounding Electrode System (GES) when the frame is intentionally grounded. The GES primarily provides an alternate path for external voltages (lightning and utility surges) so they do not find their way through the structure. In residential construction, steel studs are often used in conjunction with wooden laminated beams or treated wood mudsills, both of which act to isolate the steel frame. But if the entire structure is framed in metal and lightning is a significant threat, then the structure should be effectively bonded to the GES. (For more information on lightning requirements, refer to National Fire Protection Association publication 780-1992 [ANSI] and check with your local jurisdiction.)

Redwood Kardon is a building inspector in Oakland, Calif.